Week 9 Comprehensive Patient Assessment
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Week 9 Comprehensive Patient Assessment
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Labs, tests, and other diagnostics
Week 9 Comprehensive Patient Assessment. When it comes to Preeclampsia, urine can be tested in the lab. Urinalysis helps to determine protein content in the urine. A dispstick treated with chemical could be used. Any change in color shows the presence of protein. Nonetheless, ultrasound can also be done to determine developmental restrictions on the part of the fetus. Blood tests could also be conducted to measure protein also known as placental growth factor (PIGF). In most cases, high PIGF indicates the absence of preeclampsia (Chaiworapongsa et al., 2016).
Differential diagnoses
A differential diagnosis was the surest way to distinguish the condition as the most probable cause of the patient sickness by elimination process (Cozzolino et al., 2015). During assessment APNs are often unsure of the exact ailment, hence the need to undertake various assessment that then points to a life-threatening condition.
Management plan
a. Diagnosis
The diagnosis of preeclampsia involves protein urine and high blood pressure after the twentieth week of pregnancy. The diagnosis of preeclampsia is also determined by low platelet count; impairment of the liver; pulmonary edema and visual disturbances (Odigboegwu, Pan & Chatterjee, 2018). During pregnancy, a blood pressure of more than 140/90mm Hg is not normal. Nonetheless, one reading is not enough to establish that a patient has preeclampsia. A second abnormal reading four hours after the first reading can help in establishing the present of the disease (Brown & Garovic, 2014).
References
Anderson, C. M., & Schmella, M. J. (2017). CE: Preeclampsia current approaches to nursing management. AJN The American Journal of Nursing, 117(11), 30-38. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000526722.26893.b5
Bezerra Maia e Holanda Moura, S., Marques Lopes, L., Murthi, P., & da Silva Costa, F. (2012). Prevention of preeclampsia. Journal of pregnancy, 2012. doi: 10.1155/2012/435090
Brown, C. M., & Garovic, V. D. (2014). Drug treatment of hypertension in pregnancy. Drugs, 74(3), 283-296. doi: 10.1007/s40265-014-0187-7
Carter, W., Bick, D., Mackintosh, N., & Sandall, J. (2017). A narrative synthesis of factors that affect women speaking up about early warning signs and symptoms of pre-eclampsia and responses of healthcare staff. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 17(1), 63.
Chaiworapongsa, T., Romero, R., Whitten, A. E., Korzeniewski, S. J., Chaemsaithong, P., Hernandez-Andrade, E., … & Hassan, S. S. (2016). The use of angiogenic biomarkers in maternal blood to identify which SGA fetuses will require a preterm delivery and mothers who will develop pre-eclampsia. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 29(8), 1214-1228.
Cozzolino, M., Bianchi, C., Mariani, G., Marchi, L., Fambrini, M., & Mecacci, F. (2015). Therapy and differential diagnosis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) during pregnancy and postpartum. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 292(6), 1217-1223.
da Silva, M. D. L. C., de Andrade Galvão, A. C. A., de Souza, N. L., de Azevedo, G. D., Jerônimo, S. M. B., & de Araújo, A. C. P. F. (2014). Women with cardiovascular risk after preeclampsia: is there follow-up within the Unified Health System in Brazil?. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 22(1), 93. doi: 10.1590/0104- 1169.3197.2389
Dunietz, G. L., Strutz, K. L., Holzman, C., Tian, Y., Todem, D., Bullen, B. L., & Catov, J. M. (2017). Moderately elevated blood pressure during pregnancy and odds of hypertension later in life: the POUCHmoms longitudinal study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 124(10), 1606-1613.
Garg, A. X., Nevis, I. F., McArthur, E., Sontrop, J. M., Koval, J. J., Lam, N. N., … & Segev, D. L. (2015). Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia in living kidney donors. New England Journal of Medicine, 372(2), 124-133.
Main, E. K., McCain, C. L., Morton, C. H., Holtby, S., & Lawton, E. S. (2015). Pregnancy related mortality in California: causes, characteristics, and improvement opportunities. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 125(4), 938-947.10.1097/AOG.0000000000000746
Odigboegwu, O., Pan, L. J., & Chatterjee, P. (2018). Use of antihypertensive drugs during preeclampsia. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 5. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00050